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4 Nitrophenyl Phosphate

A colorless to pale yellow chemical used as a substrate in enzyme assays, releasing a yellow product upon hydrolysis for analytical measurements.

4 Nitrophenyl Phosphate

1. Application

4-Nitrophenyl Phosphate (pNPP) is widely used as:

  • Substrate for Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) assays
  • Enzyme kinetics studies
  • ELISA detection systems (colorimetric substrate)
  • Clinical chemistry reagent for ALP estimation
  • Molecular biology and biochemical research
  • Pharmaceutical quality control laboratories

When hydrolyzed by alkaline phosphatase, pNPP produces 4-nitrophenol, yielding a yellow color measurable at ~405 nm.

2. Compliance Standard

(Depending on grade supplied)

  • AR / ACS Grade
  • ISO 9001 certified manufacturing
  • ISO 13485 (for diagnostic-grade reagents, where applicable)
  • USP / EP / BP grade (if specified)
  • Suitable for IVD use (for diagnostic grade material)

3. Product Description

4-Nitrophenyl Phosphate is a chromogenic phosphatase substrate, typically supplied as a white to off-white crystalline powder. It is water-soluble (in salt form) and stable when stored under recommended conditions.

Common chemical forms:

  • 4-Nitrophenyl Phosphate Disodium Salt Hexahydrate
  • Free acid form (less common)

4. Technical Specifications

Parameter

Specification

Chemical Name

4-Nitrophenyl Phosphate

Synonym

p-Nitrophenyl Phosphate (pNPP)

Molecular Formula

C6H4NO6P (free acid)

Molecular Weight

~219.09 g/mol (free acid)

Appearance

White to pale yellow crystalline powder

Assay (Purity)

≥ 98% (AR Grade typical)

Solubility

Soluble in water (salt form)

Detection Wavelength

405 nm (after hydrolysis)

Storage

2–8°C, protected from light

Stability

Hygroscopic; store tightly closed

5. Apparatus is Supplied

  • 4-Nitrophenyl Phosphate (powder form)
  • Packed in amber glass bottle or HDPE container
  • Supplied with Certificate of Analysis (CoA)
  • Properly labeled with batch number and expiry date

6. Optional Accessories

  • Alkaline Phosphatase enzyme
  • Assay buffers (DEA buffer, Tris buffer)
  • Microplates (96-well ELISA plates)
  • Spectrophotometer (405 nm capability)
  • Micropipettes & tips
  • Analytical balance
  • Desiccator storage

7. Common Capacities Available

  • 1 g
  • 5 g
  • 10 g
  • 25 g
  • 50 g
  • 100 g

(Custom bulk packing available for industrial/diagnostic manufacturers.)

8. Dimensions & Weight (Approx.)

(Packaging dependent)

Pack Size

Approx. Bottle Height

Approx. Weight (Gross)

1 g

50–60 mm

80–120 g

5 g

60–80 mm

120–180 g

25 g

80–100 mm

200–350 g

100 g

100–120 mm

400–700 g

9. Safety & Handling

  • Avoid inhalation and contact with skin/eyes
  • Use PPE (gloves, lab coat, goggles)
  • Store in cool, dry place
  • Refer to SDS for hazard classification

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